I'd like to add to Britt's post: 7 Ways Nonprofits Can Use Podcasts with a few that have cropped up at the ACS.

In Texas a  friend is focusing on traditional training with two recordings: "Training Volunteers" and "Recruiting Leadership Volunteers." It's meat and potatoes, but I'll bet that's two topics that NPOs always need. The training topics will be a series.

A friend in NY has started a monthly series called "In the  Hotseat with Don and Jim," the CEO and COO respectively. To quote my friend:

It's designed to drive full knowledge and be entertaining as well, in order to actually compel staff to listen to it. The concept is to have a random staff person be in the "hot seat," meaning they are responsible for answering full-knowledge questions on a designated topic. The guest gets 24 hours notice that they've been "invited." The first part of the broadcast covers some full-knowledge items we want the staff to know related to the selected topic and the second part is the hot seat segment 

 Out here in CA I'm moving toward having sit-down chats with committee leaders to post in our extranet rather than the traditional committee minutes. And I'm going to record monthly conference-call training sessions for our patient support center (called "doc talks") about medical and support topics. A library of topics will be created.

These may not be "podcasts" in the sense that they're in-house rather than distributed publicly through feeds, but people are beginning to find a lot of uses for audio files that use podcasting technology.