Although it's not in the description, I appreciate a frame that is implied by the title of this session: Disruptions are moments of opportunity. It's not terribly valuable to ask whether these disruptions represent genuine change or a continuation of trends, because the history of technology suggests that they are usually both. (Even nukes were promoted as democratizating.) The real question is this: How can we seize upon the (often temporary) instability created in the forces of reaction by these disruptions to achieve radically greater, more stable structures of democratization?